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2020-2021 University Catalog [ARCHIVED CATALOG]
Course Descriptions
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Course Numbering System
Courses are numbered as follows to indicate levels of difficulty and degrees of specialization:
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1000 |
series courses, for the most part, cover a wide range of material and serve as introductions to a particular discipline. Generally appropriate for first-year students. |
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2000 |
series courses are more specific in focus than 1000 series; they may require some previous knowledge of a subject. Generally appropriate for sophomores. |
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3000 |
series courses are clearly upper-level courses that require significant background in a field and may have specific prerequisites. Generally appropriate for juniors and seniors. |
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4000 |
series courses require extensive background in a field and usually have prerequisites. Generally appropriate for juniors and seniors. |
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First Engagements |
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FEN 1001 - First Engagements
1/4 Course Unit(s)
The First Engagements experience is the gateway to the academic community at Transylvania University and will model liberal education in a conference setting. Transylvania has high expectations for the members of our academic community. To help incoming students become part of that community, the course meetings in August will emphasize cultivating a spirit of inquiry; developing critical reading, listening, and discussion skills; making relevant connections; and engaging in collaborative learning. The class will continue to meet during the fall term for academic advising and to introduce students to academic resources provided by the University. CR/NC grading.
General Education Requirement(s):
Prerequisite(s): None
Corequisite(s): None
Pre/Corequisite(s): None
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FEN 2001 - First Engagements Tutorial
1/4 Course Unit(s)
A tutorial in which the scholar works closely with a faculty member in planning and preparing a seminar section of First Engagements. This will include reading and selection of texts for the course, discussion of course objectives and teaching strategies, and preparation of the seminar’s syllabus. There is no overload fee for enrollment in this course. Can be repeated once for credit. CR/NC grading.
General Education Requirement(s):
Prerequisite(s): None
Corequisite(s): None
Pre/Corequisite(s): None
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FEN 2002 - First Engagements Practicum
1/2 Course Unit(s)
Scholars will work closely with a faculty member in teaching the First Engagements seminar. The scholar will help lead discussion, discuss teaching strategies with the faculty member, and facilitate student learning in and outside the classroom. The scholar will assist the academic advisor(s) throughout the fall term as a peer mentor for the first-year students. There is no overload fee for enrollment in this course. Can be repeated once for credit. CR/NC grading.
General Education Requirement(s):
Prerequisite(s): None
Corequisite(s): None
Pre/Corequisite(s): None
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First-Year Seminar Program |
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FYS 1002 - First-Year Seminar: Expository Writing
1 Course Unit(s)
Provides intensive instruction in expository writing with assignments emphasizing skills in developing ideas, constructing cohesive paragraphs, organizing material, and creating thesis statements. Assignments may provide practice in paraphrase, summary, description, definition, comparison and contrast, and argumentation. The course includes discussion of and instruction in grammar, syntax, and usage.
General Education Requirement(s):
Prerequisite(s): None
Corequisite(s): None
Pre/Corequisite(s): None
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FYS 1004 - First-Year Seminar
1 Course Unit(s)
Designed to help introduce students to the rigorous intellectual work necessary at the college level. Courses are interdisciplinary or multidisciplinary in nature and draw from the instructor’s areas of interest and expertise. Includes a broad range of shorter readings and a longer, book-length text of the instructor’s choosing. The course stresses the skills of close and careful reading, critical thinking, thoughtful and respectful discussion, and effective academic writing.
General Education Requirement(s):
Prerequisite(s): Score of 22 or higher on the English section of the ACT/SAT verbal score of 520, FYS 1002 or permission of FYS program director
Corequisite(s): None
Pre/Corequisite(s): None
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FYS 1104 - First-Year Research Seminar
1 Course Unit(s)
Designed to continue the development of college-level critical reading, thinking, writing, and discussion skills. The courses are topical in nature based on the instructor’s areas of interest and expertise, and offer a focused and in-depth investigation of a topic of importance. The Second-Term Research Seminar includes extensive instruction in research methods appropriate at the college level and culminates in the writing of a lengthy, research-based argumentative essay.
General Education Requirement(s):
Prerequisite(s): FYS 1004
Corequisite(s): None
Pre/Corequisite(s): None
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French |
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FREN 1014 - French I: The Personal World
1 Course Unit(s)
An introduction to French through exploration of the student’s immediate world, developing student proficiency in speaking, listening, reading, and writing. By the end of the course students will be able to ask for and give information; express their wants, needs, abilities, and obligations; describe people, places, and things in their surroundings; write a basic letter in the language; and give in some detail a report of their typical activities. Laboratory required.
General Education Requirement(s):
Prerequisite(s): None
Corequisite(s): None
Pre/Corequisite(s): None
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FREN 1024 - French II: The French-Speaking World
1 Course Unit(s)
An extension of French I that moves beyond the student’s personal experiences toward an increased linguistic and social awareness of French-speaking cultures. By the end of the course students will be able to narrate past events, demonstrate an understanding of various aspects of the French-speaking world, and formulate briefly a position on an issue treated in the course. Laboratory required.
General Education Requirement(s):
Prerequisite(s): FREN 1014 or equivalent proficiency.
Corequisite(s): None
Pre/Corequisite(s): None
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FREN 1034 - French III: Topical Issues
1 Course Unit(s)
An extension of French II that offers a more in-depth look at current issues in French-speaking cultures. Religions, ethnic groups, and demographic patterns will be explored, as will other concerns such as the environment and the economy. Material will include literary texts, films, and productions in the fine arts. Students will give oral and written reports, refute and support positions taken on specific issues, and suggest and negotiate compromises. Laboratory required.
General Education Requirement(s):
Prerequisite(s): FREN 1024 or equivalent proficiency
Corequisite(s): None
Pre/Corequisite(s): None
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FREN 2001 - Practicum in French
1/4 Course Unit(s)
The practical application of French language and/or research skills in education, law, business, art, medicine, or other areas. Students devise projects under the direction of the instructor to integrate practical applications to their particular area of interest. Examples are creative writing projects, practice of foreign language teaching methodologies, or an internship in a local organization where French language and/or translation skills are required. CR/NC grading.
General Education Requirement(s):
Prerequisite(s): Permission of instructor
Corequisite(s): None
Pre/Corequisite(s): None
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FREN 2002 - Practicum in French
1/2 Course Unit(s)
The practical application of French language and/or research skills in education, law, business, art, medicine, or other areas. Students devise projects under the direction of the instructor to integrate practical applications to their particular area of interest. Examples are creative writing projects, practice of foreign language teaching methodologies, or an internship in a local organization where French language and/or translation skills are required. CR/NC grading.
General Education Requirement(s):
Prerequisite(s): Permission of instructor
Corequisite(s): None
Pre/Corequisite(s): None
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FREN 2003 - Practicum in French
3/4 Course Unit(s)
The practical application of French language and/or research skills in education, law, business, art, medicine, or other areas. Students devise projects under the direction of the instructor to integrate practical applications to their particular area of interest. Examples are creative writing projects, practice of foreign language teaching methodologies, or an internship in a local organization where French language and/or translation skills are required. CR/NC grading.
General Education Requirement(s):
Prerequisite(s): Permission of instructor
Corequisite(s): None
Pre/Corequisite(s): None
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FREN 2004 - Practicum in French
1 Course Unit(s)
The practical application of French language and/or research skills in education, law, business, art, medicine, or other areas. Students devise projects under the direction of the instructor to integrate practical applications to their particular area of interest. Examples are creative writing projects, practice of foreign language teaching methodologies, or an internship in a local organization where French language and/or translation skills are required. CR/NC grading.
General Education Requirement(s):
Prerequisite(s): Permission of instructor
Corequisite(s): None
Pre/Corequisite(s): None
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FREN 2014 - French Grammar and Expression
1 Course Unit(s)
One of two non-sequential gateway courses leading to advanced studies in French (3000-level courses). This course refines grammatical competencies and sharpens oral expression in French. Through the study of how texts communicate sophisticated ideas, students investigate grammatical, syntactical, and lexical strategies. By surveying different forms of expression (including literary, historical, cinematic, and artistic) as well as current media (newscasts, newspapers and magazines, websites, blogs, videos, etc.), students practice grammar and idiomatic usage while making connections between culture and language. Writing assignments include le résumé, le compte rendu, and le portrait. Students will also practice phonetics to support enhanced fluency and precision in oral expression.
General Education Requirement(s): IV
Prerequisite(s): FREN 1034
Corequisite(s): None
Pre/Corequisite(s): None
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FREN 2024 - French Rhetoric and Composition
1 Course Unit(s)
One of two non-sequential gateway courses leading to advanced studies in French (3000-level courses). The course facilitates more complex reasoning through close readings of French literary and cultural texts from around the world while developing written and oral expression in French. By targeting five key areas of language acquisition (speaking, reading, listening, writing, and culture), the course prepares students linguistically to articulate original ideas with greater precision and clarity through training in grammar, morphology, syntax, and phonetics. By cultivating a more sophisticated use of language, students develop their ability to use rhetorical strategies in producing higher-order reasoning. Special attention will also be paid to writing: understanding different modes of expression (exposition, narration, description, and argumentation) and writing effectively (coherent discourse, lexical flexibility, rhetoric, and style). Formal writing assignments include la dissertation, l’essai critique, and le récit. This course is conducted entirely in French.
General Education Requirement(s): IV; V
Prerequisite(s): FREN 1034 and FYS 1104
Corequisite(s): None
Pre/Corequisite(s): None
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FREN 2034 - French Society and Culture
1 Course Unit(s)
Examines the cultural, social, and political transformations of French society and culture over the centuries by exploring developments from a number of vantage points (family, religion, values, leisure, social classes, etc.). Topics include political regimens (Empire, Monarchy, Republic), historical figures (Jeanne D’Arc, Louis XIV, Napoléon, De Gaulle), history of ideas (humanism, enlightenment, socialism, fascism, existentialism), and artistic movements (baroque, classicism, realism, symbolism, post-modernism).
General Education Requirement(s): III B or IV
Prerequisite(s): FREN 1034
Corequisite(s): None
Pre/Corequisite(s): None
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FREN 2054 - Introduction to French Literature
1 Course Unit(s)
Introduces students to the history of French literature from the Middle Ages to the twentieth century. Emphasis will be placed on reading major works in French within their historical and cultural context. In addition, students will acquire a critical vocabulary for analyzing literary texts. Special attention will be paid to close readings of texts (poetry, theater, and the novel) and different approaches such as résumé de texte, explication de texte, commentaire composé, and dissertation explicative.
General Education Requirement(s): IV; V
Prerequisite(s): FREN 1034 and FYS 1104
Corequisite(s): None
Pre/Corequisite(s): None
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FREN 2074 - French Literature in Translation
1 Course Unit(s)
Material is chosen according to period, genre, or topic, and varies from year to year. Course subtitle reflects the particular material chosen and is announced in advance. Does not count toward the major or minor pattern. Taught in English. May be repeated if course subtitle is different.
General Education Requirement(s): II Humanities or IV
Prerequisite(s): None
Corequisite(s): None
Pre/Corequisite(s): None
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FREN 2294 - Special Topics
1 Course Unit(s)
Study of an area involving the language, literature, or culture not fully treated in other French courses. Topics change and will be announced in advance. May be repeated for credit if the topic is different.
General Education Requirement(s): IV
Prerequisite(s): FREN 1034 or equivalent proficiencies unless specific description states otherwise
Corequisite(s): None
Pre/Corequisite(s): None
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FREN 3014 - Independent Study and Research
1 Course Unit(s)
May be repeated once for credit.
General Education Requirement(s):
Prerequisite(s): Permission of instructor
Corequisite(s): None
Pre/Corequisite(s): None
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FREN 3094 - French Business Culture
1 Course Unit(s)
An introduction to the French-speaking business world and to its very specific language, this course provides mastery of the fundamental vocabulary, expressions, and cultural practices required to communicate in a variety of business situations. Topics include banking, commerce, finance, the economy, business correspondence, and job interviewing skills. The course does not presume prior knowledge of business principles.
General Education Requirement(s): IV; V
Prerequisite(s): FREN 2014 and FYS 1104
Corequisite(s): None
Pre/Corequisite(s): None
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FREN 3144 - Medieval and Renaissance French Literature: Fin’ amor and Humanism
1 Course Unit(s)
A study of French literature in its historical context, from its origins to the reign of Henri IV. The course encompasses the courtly love tradition, sacred and profane theater, courtly and bourgeois realism, and humanist thought. Works and authors studied may include the chanson de geste, the troubadours, Chrétien de Troyes, Christine de Pizan, Villon, Rabelais, Marguerite de Navarre, the poets of the Pléïade, and Montaigne.
General Education Requirement(s): IV; V
Prerequisite(s): FREN 2014 , FREN 2054 and FYS 1104
Corequisite(s): None
Pre/Corequisite(s): None
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FREN 3204 - French Literature of the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries: Order, Reason, and Revolution
1 Course Unit(s)
An exploration of the century of Louis XIV and of the Age of Enlightenment. Using literary texts, film, music, and visual arts, this course will view baroque art and literature, classicism and Versailles, the esprit critique of moralist and philosophical writers, and libertine thought. Authors may include Corneille, Racine, Molière, Madame de La Fayette, Descartes, Pascal, Diderot, Voltaire, Rousseau, and Laclos.
General Education Requirement(s): IV; V
Prerequisite(s): FREN 2014 or FREN 2054 and FYS 1104
Corequisite(s): None
Pre/Corequisite(s): None
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FREN 3304 - Studies in Genre
1 Course Unit(s)
A study of the formal elements that constitute genre, its textual components, and its historical and literary manifestations. Each time the course is offered, a particular genre is analyzed exclusively, alternately French poetry, theater, and novel. In French poetry, the course will focus on poetic forms and versification through the troubadors, Villon, the Pléïade, romantics, symbolists, and modern free verse. In French theater, the course will emphasize analysis through performance as it traces theater’s origins in medieval liturgical drama and follows with Molière, Racine, Corneille, Beaumarchais, and the Theatre of the Absurd. In the French novel, the course will trace the evolution from early forms of novelistic writing such as the epistolary novel through the great literary movements of the nineteenth century (realism, romanticism, naturalism) up to the modern novel.
General Education Requirement(s): IV; V
Prerequisite(s): FREN 2014 and FYS 1104
Corequisite(s): None
Pre/Corequisite(s): None
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FREN 3324 - French Literature of the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries: Experiment and Unrest
1 Course Unit(s)
This course will address the individual’s relation to society and the arts in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries as it is revealed through representative works of literature, music, and film. The literature of the time reflects French history in its fragmentation and upheaval, but attempts to impose order through the redefinition of traditional literary genres. A study of the Romantic poets, the Naturalist writers, Surrealist theater, Existentialist essays, and the Nouveau Roman will highlight the more successful forms of artistic experimentation.
General Education Requirement(s): IV; V
Prerequisite(s): FREN 2014 or FREN 2054 and FYS 1104
Corequisite(s): None
Pre/Corequisite(s): None
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FREN 3344 - French Cinema Culture
1 Course Unit(s)
Through a study of French films from the 1890s to the present, this course examines the role of cinema in a social-historical context and provides an in-depth analysis of cinematic “language.” Since French cinema evolved as both an art and an industry, particular attention will be paid to questions of narrative, representation, production practices, and reception. Topics include the birth of cinema, the silent era, the avant-garde, poetic realism, cinema of the occupation, the New Wave, contemporary trends, and Francophone world cinemas.
General Education Requirement(s): IV; V
Prerequisite(s): FREN 2014 and FYS 1104
Corequisite(s): None
Pre/Corequisite(s): None
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FREN 3404 - The Francophone World and its Literature
1 Course Unit(s)
Reading and analysis of literary genres through the centuries in the various Francophone countries with an emphasis on twentieth-century literature. Historical background of each country will provide a context for the readings.
General Education Requirement(s): III A or IV; V
Prerequisite(s): FREN 2014 or FREN 2054 and FYS 1104
Corequisite(s): None
Pre/Corequisite(s): None
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FREN 3504 - Advanced Special Topics
1 Course Unit(s)
In-depth study of language, literature, or culture not fully treated in other 3000-level courses. Topics change and will be announced in advance; course may focus on a genre, an issue, an author, or a movement. May be repeated once for credit if the topic is different.
General Education Requirement(s): IV
Prerequisite(s): FREN 2014 or FREN 2054
Corequisite(s): None
Pre/Corequisite(s): None
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FREN 4444 - Senior Seminar
1 Course Unit(s)
Designed as the capstone experience for French majors. While focusing on a particular problem, genre, author, or time period, the selection of cultural texts is geared to refine students’ analytical, interpretive, and expressive skills in French. In addition to oral presentation, research, and writing within the sphere of the course topic, students undertake individual projects in their own particular domain of interest in order to integrate their knowledge and experience of French with their future life and career plans.
General Education Requirement(s): IV
Prerequisite(s): Permission of instructor
Corequisite(s): None
Pre/Corequisite(s): None
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German |
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GER 1014 - German I: The Personal World
1 Course Unit(s)
An introduction to German through exploration of the student’s immediate world, developing student proficiency in speaking, listening, reading, and writing. By the end of the course students will be able to ask for and give information; express their wants, needs, abilities, and obligations; describe people, places, and things in their surroundings; write a basic letter in the language; and give in some detail a report of their typical activities. Laboratory required.
General Education Requirement(s):
Prerequisite(s): None
Corequisite(s): None
Pre/Corequisite(s): None
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GER 1024 - German II: The German-Speaking World
1 Course Unit(s)
An extension of German I that moves beyond the student’s personal experiences toward an increased linguistic and social awareness of German-speaking cultures. By the end of the course students will be able to narrate past events, demonstrate an understanding of various aspects of the German-speaking world, and formulate briefly a position on an issue treated in the course. Laboratory required.
General Education Requirement(s):
Prerequisite(s): GER 1014 or equivalent proficiency
Corequisite(s): None
Pre/Corequisite(s): None
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GER 1034 - German III: Topical Issues
1 Course Unit(s)
An extension of German II that offers a more in-depth look at current issues in German-speaking cultures. Religions, ethnic groups, and demographic patterns will be explored, as will other concerns such as the environment and the economy. Material will include literary texts, films, and productions in the fine arts. Students will give oral and written reports, refute and support positions taken on specific issues, and suggest and negotiate compromises. Laboratory required.
General Education Requirement(s):
Prerequisite(s): GER 1024 or equivalent proficiency
Corequisite(s): None
Pre/Corequisite(s): None
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GER 2044 - Contemporary German Cinema
1 Course Unit(s)
A study of German-language cinema and notable filmmakers since 1990. Film selection will highlight particular cultural topics such as unification or social integration, as well as individual directors or genres. Taught in English with all films subtitled in English. This course does not count toward the major or minor.
General Education Requirement(s): IV
Prerequisite(s): None
Corequisite(s): None
Pre/Corequisite(s): None
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GER 2054 - Contemporary German Cinema for Major/Minor
1 Course Unit(s)
A study of German-language cinema and notable filmmakers since 1990. Film selection will highlight particular cultural topics such as unification or social integration, as well as individual directors or genres. Taught in English with all films subtitled in English. Students will complete individual course assignments in German and language-related work the instructor assigns.
General Education Requirement(s): IV
Prerequisite(s): GER 1034
Corequisite(s): None
Pre/Corequisite(s): None
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GER 2074 - German Literature in Translation
1 Course Unit(s)
Study of highlights of German literature or of a period, topic, genre, or author. Course subtitle reflects the material chosen and is announced in advance. Does not count toward the minor pattern. Taught in English. May be repeated for credit if course subtitle is different.
General Education Requirement(s): II Humanities or IV
Prerequisite(s): None
Corequisite(s): None
Pre/Corequisite(s): None
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GER 2104 - Contemporary Germany
1 Course Unit(s)
A survey of the present-day culture of Germany including the examination of such issues as the role of the family, education, religion and festivals, entertainment and leisure-time activities, developments in the standard language, and dialects.
General Education Requirement(s): IV; V
Prerequisite(s): GER 1034 and FYS 1104
Corequisite(s): None
Pre/Corequisite(s): None
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GER 2144 - Weimar and New German Cinema
1 Course Unit(s)
A retrospective on German contributions to the history of film, focusing on the accomplishments surrounding what has become known as Weimar Cinema and the more recent “auteur” films of Fassbinder, Herzog, von Trotta, et al., collected together under the rubric of New German Cinema. Taught in English with all films subtitled in English. Does not count toward the German major or minor.
General Education Requirement(s): IV
Prerequisite(s): None
Corequisite(s): None
Pre/Corequisite(s): None
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GER 2154 - Weimar and New German Cinema for Major/Minor
1 Course Unit(s)
A retrospective on German contributions to the history of film, focusing on the accomplishments surrounding what has become known as Weimar Cinema and the more recent “auteur” films of Fassbinder, Herzog, von Trotta, et al., collected together under the rubric of New German Cinema. Taught in English with all films subtitled in English. Students will complete individual course assignments in German and language-related work the instructor assigns.
General Education Requirement(s): IV
Prerequisite(s): GER 1034
Corequisite(s): None
Pre/Corequisite(s): None
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GER 2224 - German Geography, Political Institutions, and Social Structures
1 Course Unit(s)
An examination of the demographic, political, and social implications of German geography. Beginning with a thorough examination of the political map of Germany, this course addresses the structure of the German parliament, the network of federal social institutions, the role of government in German society, and Germany’s relationship to the European Union.
General Education Requirement(s): IV
Prerequisite(s): GER 1034
Corequisite(s): None
Pre/Corequisite(s): None
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GER 2294 - Special Topics
1 Course Unit(s)
Study of an area involving the language, literature, or culture not fully treated in other German courses. Topics change and will be announced in advance. May be repeated for credit if the topic is different.
General Education Requirement(s): IV
Prerequisite(s): GER 1034 unless specific description states otherwise
Corequisite(s): None
Pre/Corequisite(s): None
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GER 2304 - Still Draussen vor der Tur: Other Voices in German
1 Course Unit(s)
Study of groups that have been excluded from or marginalized in concepts of a German identity: foreign workers and their families, black Germans, Sinti and Roma populations, Austrians, and the Swiss.
General Education Requirement(s): IV; V
Prerequisite(s): GER 1034 and FYS 1104
Corequisite(s): None
Pre/Corequisite(s): None
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GER 3014 - Independent Study and Research
1 Course Unit(s)
May be repeated once for credit.
General Education Requirement(s):
Prerequisite(s): Permission of instructor
Corequisite(s): None
Pre/Corequisite(s): None
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GER 3104 - Berlin, Bonn, East-Berlin: The Third Reich, The Stunde Null
1 Course Unit(s)
An examination of cultural developments during the Hitler years, including issues of exile and inner emigration, as well as problems faced following the defeat of Germany in 1945 and its complete political, social, and moral collapse.
General Education Requirement(s): IV; V
Prerequisite(s): One 2000-level GER course or permission of instructor and FYS 1104
Corequisite(s): None
Pre/Corequisite(s): None
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GER 3204 - Berlin and Weimar: Birth and Rebirth of a Nation, 1871-1933
1 Course Unit(s)
A study of the cultural implications and effects of both unification under the German Reich and the brief experiment with republican government known as the Weimar Republic.
General Education Requirement(s): IV; V
Prerequisite(s): One 2000-level GER course or permission of instructor and FYS 1104
Corequisite(s): None
Pre/Corequisite(s): None
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GER 3304 - Vienna and Munich: Aesthetes, Decadents, and the fin-de-siècle
1 Course Unit(s)
Readings across drama, literature, the arts, philosophy, and psychology to elaborate the aesthetic rebellion and redirection that characterized the end of the nineteenth century.
General Education Requirement(s): IV; V
Prerequisite(s): One 2000-level GER course or permission of instructor and FYS 1104
Corequisite(s): None
Pre/Corequisite(s): None
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GER 3344 - The Wall Falls: Putting Germany Together Again
1 Course Unit(s)
A close study of various aspects of the unification process since 1989. Topics will include reprivatization and reclamation of property, repatriation of Germans living in other former East-Bloc countries, and adjustments involved in moving from a communist to a capitalist society.
General Education Requirement(s): IV
Prerequisite(s): GER 1034
Corequisite(s): None
Pre/Corequisite(s): None
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GER 3394 - Special Topics in German
1 Course Unit(s)
Study of an area involving the language, literature, or culture not fully treated in other German courses. Topics change and will be announced in advance. May be repeated for credit if the topic is different.
General Education Requirement(s): IV
Prerequisite(s): One 2000-level GER course, excluding GER 2044 and GER 2074
Corequisite(s): None
Pre/Corequisite(s): None
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GER 4204 - Immersion Experience Abroad: Germany
1 Course Unit(s)
A program providing the student an opportunity to apply and improve German language skills as well as gain experience in the field of foreign language instruction. The student will live with a family in Germany and take part in English and German classes at a gymnasium. The student will keep a German journal while there, which will be submitted upon return, along with a paper in German evaluating the experience. There will also be an oral examination to demonstrate the student’s improved speaking skills. CR/NC grading.
General Education Requirement(s):
Prerequisite(s): One 2000-level GER course and permission of instructor
Corequisite(s): None
Pre/Corequisite(s): None
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GER 4208 - Immersion Experience Abroad: Germany
2 Course Unit(s)
A program providing the student an opportunity to apply and improve German language skills as well as gain experience in the field of foreign language instruction. The student will live with a family in Germany and take part in English and German classes at a gymnasium. The student will keep a German journal while there, which will be submitted upon return, along with a paper in German evaluating the experience. There will also be an oral examination to demonstrate the student’s improved speaking skills. CR/NC grading.
General Education Requirement(s):
Prerequisite(s): One 2000-level GER course and permission of instructor
Corequisite(s): None
Pre/Corequisite(s): None
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GER 4444 - Senior Seminar in German
1 Course Unit(s)
Designed as the capstone experience for German studies majors, the course focuses on literary works chosen from a program reading list of plays, novellas, and novels from Goethe to the present. Through weekly seminar discussions of and concluding interpretative papers on those works, students will refine their analytical and communication skills in German. Depending on the student’s competence in the language, coursework may also include a final review of more advanced grammatical aspects of German.
General Education Requirement(s): IV
Prerequisite(s): 8 major courses above GER 1034
Corequisite(s): None
Pre/Corequisite(s): None
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Greek |
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GRK 1014 - Greek I
1 Course Unit(s)
An introduction to the grammar, morphology, and syntax of classical Greek.
General Education Requirement(s):
Prerequisite(s): None
Corequisite(s): None
Pre/Corequisite(s): None
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GRK 1024 - Greek II
1 Course Unit(s)
A continuation of GRK 1014 with attention to Greek literature and culture.
General Education Requirement(s):
Prerequisite(s): GRK 1014
Corequisite(s): None
Pre/Corequisite(s): None
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GRK 1034 - Greek III
1 Course Unit(s)
A continuation of GRK 1024 , with emphasis shifting from grammatical forms to a critical and careful reading of a Greek prose text, such as Plato’s Apology, Xenophon’s Anabasis, or the New Testament.
General Education Requirement(s):
Prerequisite(s): GRK 1024
Corequisite(s): None
Pre/Corequisite(s): None
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GRK 2014 - Readings in Greek Literature
1 Course Unit(s)
A study of the language and literature of ancient Greek through close study of selected authors.
General Education Requirement(s): IV
Prerequisite(s): GRK 1034 or equivalent proficiency
Corequisite(s): None
Pre/Corequisite(s): None
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HIST 1014 - Western Civilization I: Western Civilization to the Seventeenth Century
1 Course Unit(s)
A study of the historical development of Western civilization to the seventeenth century, with special emphasis on Greece, Rome, the medieval age, and the Renaissance and Reformation movements. A chronological and political approach with appropriate attention to cultural achievements and economic characteristics of these periods.
General Education Requirement(s): III B
Prerequisite(s): None
Corequisite(s): None
Pre/Corequisite(s): None
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HIST 1024 - Western Civilization II: Western Civilization from the Seventeenth Century to the Present
1 Course Unit(s)
A study of Western civilization from the Enlightenment to the present, with special emphasis on the Atlantic Revolutions, ideologies of the nineteenth century, industrialism, the impact of the West on other civilizations, world conflicts of the twentieth century, and problems of contemporary society.
General Education Requirement(s): III B
Prerequisite(s): None
Corequisite(s): None
Pre/Corequisite(s): None
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HIST 1154 - United States to 1865
1 Course Unit(s)
A study and critical evaluation of the political, economic, and social forces that shaped the development of the American colonies and the United States from 1492 through the Civil War, noting the varying historical interpretations of those forces.
General Education Requirement(s): II Social Science
Prerequisite(s): None
Corequisite(s): None
Pre/Corequisite(s): None
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HIST 1164 - United States from 1865
1 Course Unit(s)
A study and critical evaluation of the fundamental forces contributing to the emergence of modern America from 1865.
General Education Requirement(s): II Social Science
Prerequisite(s): None
Corequisite(s): None
Pre/Corequisite(s): None
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HIST 2014 - Shooting America: Photography, 1860-1960
1 Course Unit(s)
An examination of visual texts that reflected, shaped or maligned cultures, places and people in the United States. Course participants will be expected to: 1. cultivate a theoretical framework for visual analysis in order to “read” images critically and 2. seek to understand the social, political and personal contexts in which important bodies of photographic work were created and disseminated.
General Education Requirement(s): IV
Prerequisite(s): HIST 1164 or permission of instructor
Corequisite(s): None
Pre/Corequisite(s): None
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HIST 2024 - Spartacus: Slaves and Gladiators
1 Course Unit(s)
Also listed as CLA 2024 .
Between 73 and 71 BCE, Spartacus, a Thracian gladiator, led the largest slave revolt in the ancient world. This course examines the historical record and the myths, both ancient and modern, surrounding this great story. Special attention to slavery and the institution of gladiatorial games in the Roman world.
General Education Requirement(s): IV; V
Prerequisite(s): FYS 1104
Corequisite(s): None
Pre/Corequisite(s): None
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HIST 2074 - Magic and Mystery Cult in Antiquity
1 Course Unit(s)
CLA-2074
In the ancient world, supernatural and mythical understanding added dimensions of meaning to life. While many myths and cult practices were socially acceptable, mystery cults existed on the margins of toleration, and some forms of magic were well beyond the pale. Exploration of the beliefs, prayers, spells, and rituals, affords a fascinating view of metaphysical mindsets. It also provides an illuminating perspective into the formation of socially condoned, tolerated, and condemned ideas of reality. (Pre-Modern Field)
General Education Requirement(s): IV
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HIST 2104 - Medieval Europe
1 Course Unit(s)
A study of a millennium of social experiments to mitigate, redirect, and rationalize the violent individualism of the Germanic peoples who swept into Europe after the Roman Empire crumbled. (Pre-Modern field)
General Education Requirement(s): IV
Prerequisite(s): HIST 1014
Corequisite(s): None
Pre/Corequisite(s): None
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HIST 2134 - The Second World War: Topics and Issues
1 Course Unit(s)
A study of World War II based on specific issues, geographies, or theoretical frameworks. Topics may include, but are not limited to, the war in Eastern Europe/USSR, the American home front, military campaigns, women and war, and intelligence strategies.
General Education Requirement(s): IV
Prerequisite(s): None
Corequisite(s): None
Pre/Corequisite(s): None
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HIST 2144 - Europe in the Nineteenth Century
1 Course Unit(s)
A study of European history from the Congress of Vienna through the First World War, emphasizing the growth of nationalism, the effects of the Industrial Revolution, the development of socialist doctrines, and the rise of neoimperialism. (Modern European field)
General Education Requirement(s): IV; V
Prerequisite(s): FYS 1104
Corequisite(s): None
Pre/Corequisite(s): None
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HIST 2154 - Europe in the Eighteenth Century
1 Course Unit(s)
An examination of the major forces and events from the age of absolutism through the French Revolution. Areas of study include the political, social, and cultural effects of the Enlightenment, the development of the international European state system, Europe’s relations with the non-European world, the rise of the middle classes, and the emergence of a consumer culture. (Modern European field)
General Education Requirement(s): IV; V
Prerequisite(s): FYS 1104
Corequisite(s): None
Pre/Corequisite(s): None
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HIST 2184 - The Holocaust
1 Course Unit(s)
An in-depth historical exploration of one of the most horrendous crimes in history, the murder of six million Jews and millions of others during the Second World War. Students will examine the development of anti-Semitic thought in Western culture, the means the Nazis used to undertake the “Final Solution,” and Jewish experiences during the Holocaust. The course will conclude with the attempt to understand and make sense of the Holocaust in the post-Holocaust world. (Modern European field)
General Education Requirement(s): IV
Prerequisite(s): None
Corequisite(s): None
Pre/Corequisite(s): None
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HIST 2204 - Special Topics in History
1 Course Unit(s)
The study of an era, a problem, or a commanding figure not fully treated in other courses. Topics change from term to term and are announced in advance. (Students may petition the program to allow Special Topics courses to fulfill history major field distribution requirements.) May be repeated for credit. CR/NC grading when used as a travel course.
General Education Requirement(s): IV
Prerequisite(s): Any Transylvania history course or permission of instructor
Corequisite(s): None
Pre/Corequisite(s): None
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HIST 2224 - The Golden Age of Greece
1 Course Unit(s)
A survey of the political, social, and cultural history of ancient Greece, with emphasis on the era of the polis. (Pre-Modern field)
General Education Requirement(s): IV
Prerequisite(s): None
Corequisite(s): None
Pre/Corequisite(s): None
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HIST 2244 - The Archeology of Imperial Rome
1 Course Unit(s)
Also listed as CLA 2144 .
A survey of Roman history from the beginnings of the principate through the late antique period (i.e., firstsixth centuries A.D.) with an emphasis on Roman political and social institutions, the definition of citizenship, and the problem of unity in a multicultural society. (Pre-Modern field)
General Education Requirement(s): IV
Prerequisite(s): None
Corequisite(s): None
Pre/Corequisite(s): None
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HIST 2304 - Pre-Modern China
1 Course Unit(s)
An examination of Chinese history from the Shang Dynasty (c. 1500-1122 B.C.) through the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644). Special emphasis is placed on social and intellectual developments that influenced Chinese culture. (Pre-Modern field; Non-Western field)
General Education Requirement(s): III A or IV
Prerequisite(s): None
Corequisite(s): None
Pre/Corequisite(s): None
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HIST 2374 - History of Africa
1 Course Unit(s)
A study of African history from pre-colonial times to the present. Areas of focus include Africa’s indigenous cultural, social, and political developments in the pre-colonial period and the changes brought by encounters with the outside world. The course stresses the importance of history to understanding the socio-political situation in contemporary Africa. (Non-Western field)
General Education Requirement(s): III A or IV
Prerequisite(s): None
Corequisite(s): None
Pre/Corequisite(s): None
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HIST 2384 - History of Brazil
1 Course Unit(s)
This course provides an overview of the history and culture of Brazil, covering the period between first European contact in 1500 and the present. Eliciting special attention is the country’s long experience with African slavery and its legacies, including the myth of Brazil’s “racial democracy.” The course draws attention to the deep ties that bind Brazilians and other peoples, and considers the history and character of Brazil’s cultural touchstones, such as carnival, samba and soccer. (Non-Western field)
General Education Requirement(s): III A or IV; V
Prerequisite(s): HIST 1024 , 1054, 1064 or permission of instructor and FYS 1104
Corequisite(s): None
Pre/Corequisite(s): None
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HIST 2404 - Latin American Civilization I
1 Course Unit(s)
Surveys Latin American civilization from its pre-Columbian beginnings to the independence movements of the early nineteenth century. Focus will be placed on the encounters among European, African, and indigenous peoples that resulted in new and changing cultures. (Non-Western field)
General Education Requirement(s): III A or IV; V
Prerequisite(s): FYS 1104
Corequisite(s): None
Pre/Corequisite(s): None
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HIST 2414 - Latin American Civilization II
1 Course Unit(s)
Surveys Latin American civilization from the period of independence to the present. Though the focus is, from time to time, placed on a particular culture, country, or region, the stress will be on the themes and movements common to Latin America as a whole. Emphasis will be placed on those aspects of the Latin American past that helped to shape and explain its present. (Non-Western field)
General Education Requirement(s): III A or IV; V
Prerequisite(s): FYS 1104
Corequisite(s): None
Pre/Corequisite(s): None
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HIST 2424 - Sport in Latin America and the Caribbean
1 Course Unit(s)
This course examines the history of sports in Latin America. It considers traditional pastimes, such as horse racing and bullfighting, but concentrates on the history of modern team sports in the region. It is particularly concerned with the reasons Latin Americans adopted foreign sports like soccer and baseball; how they made these sports their own; how sports reflect and affect the region’s race, class and gender relations and how sports interface with local economies and politics. (Non-Western Field)
General Education Requirement(s): III A; IV
Prerequisite(s): Any Transylvania history course
Corequisite(s): None
Pre/Corequisite(s): None
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HIST 2444 - Latin American Rebels and Dictators
1 Course Unit(s)
This course examines rebellion and dictatorship in Latin America, focusing on the period between 1900 and the present. It considers why rebellion and dictatorship have so characterized Latin American history, and the intimate relationship between the two. The course focuses on countries with deep experiences of rebellion and dictatorship, and while it focuses on the political histories of dictatorships and rebellions, it also considers the cultural, social and economic factors and consequences of these histories. (Non-Western field).
General Education Requirement(s): III A or IV;V
Prerequisite(s): HIST 1024 , HIST 1154 , HIST 1164 or permission of instructor and FYS 1104
Corequisite(s): None
Pre/Corequisite(s): None
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HIST 2744 - Research Methods Seminar
1 Course Unit(s)
An introduction to historical research methods, concentrating on the nature, use, evaluation, and analysis of primary sources. Students will examine a variety of primary sources, which may include memoirs, newspapers, archival documents, oral histories, and other materials. Students will also develop skills in placing sources in their proper historical context and in constructing historical arguments.
General Education Requirement(s): IV
Prerequisite(s): Any 1000-level history course
Corequisite(s): None
Pre/Corequisite(s): None
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HIST 2834 - The Ancient Polis
1 Course Unit(s)
Also listed as ANTH 2834 , CLA 2834 , PHIL 2834 .
This course examines the ideal of the good life in the ancient city, as refined in thought, articulated in a structured environment and developed across cultures and over time.
General Education Requirement(s): IV
Prerequisite(s): None
Corequisite(s): None
Pre/Corequisite(s): None
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HIST 3044 - Global Environmental History
1 Course Unit(s)
This course examines the history of human interaction with the natural environment, utilizing a global lens and focusing upon the period since 1492. It explores the influence of humans on the natural world and the influence of nature on human activities and choices. Themes include environmental exchange between world regions, the extent and limitations of human agency, the emergence of the environmentalist movement, and others drawn from students’ interests and research.
General Education Requirement(s): IV; V
Prerequisite(s): Any Transylvania history course and FYS 1104
Corequisite(s): None
Pre/Corequisite(s): None
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HIST 3054 - Frontiers of the Roman Empire
1 Course Unit(s)
The frontiers of the Roman Empire were areas of contact between layers of imperial policy and a wide variety of ethnicities, who attempted to mediate between local, regional, and cosmopolitan identities. This course will provide a theoretical framework for understanding these interactions, and a close investigation of case studies in Tunisia, Egypt, Jordan, Turkey, Hungary, Belgium, and Britain. (Non-Western field)
General Education Requirement(s): IV
Prerequisite(s): HIST 2244
Corequisite(s): None
Pre/Corequisite(s): None
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HIST 3084 - England Since 1660
1 Course Unit(s)
Study of English history from the Restoration to the present. Considerable emphasis on class discussion of key topics or problems in English history (e.g., Revolution of 1688, George III, and the Irish problem) based on outside reading. (Modern European field)
General Education Requirement(s): IV; V
Prerequisite(s): HIST 1024 and FYS 1104
Corequisite(s): None
Pre/Corequisite(s): None
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HIST 3104 - Greek and Roman Religions
1 Course Unit(s)
CLA-3304
On the foundations of Near Eastern, Egyptian, and Etruscan influences, the Greeks and Romans built rich and varied systems of understanding and reconciling their physical and metaphysical worlds. These offer us insight both into ancient cultures, and into the practices and concepts that have been adopted and adapted into modern religious institutions and concepts.
General Education Requirement(s): IV
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HIST 3124 - Women in American Life and Thought
1 Course Unit(s)
Also listed as WGS 3124 .
An examination of the role of women in American life and thought involving an analysis of the changing roles of women from the colonial era to the present. Focuses on the varieties of women’s experiences at every level of social life, in the professions, and in the family, as well as women’s struggle for suffrage and equal rights. (U.S. field)
General Education Requirement(s): IV; V
Prerequisite(s): HIST 1154 or WGS 1004 and FYS 1104
Corequisite(s): None
Pre/Corequisite(s): None
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HIST 3144 - Gender in European History
1 Course Unit(s)
Also listed as WGS 3144
Investigates how understandings of gender have affected European women and men from the Enlightenment to the contemporary era. Topics covered may include the relationship of gender to the revolution, industrialization, imperialism, totalitarianism, and total war, as well as the role of gender in everyday life. (Modern European field).
General Education Requirement(s): IV; V
Prerequisite(s): HIST 1024 , HIST 2144 , HIST 2154 , WGS 1004 or permission of instructor
Corequisite(s): None
Pre/Corequisite(s): None
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HIST 3154 - Recent American History
1 Course Unit(s)
An examination of the major forces that have shaped contemporary America. Set against the backdrop of Cold War political culture, the course will focus on such topics as the Vietnam War, Watergate, Civil Rights movements, and identity politics. (U.S. field).
General Education Requirement(s): IV; V
Prerequisite(s): HIST 1164 and FYS 1104
Corequisite(s): None
Pre/Corequisite(s): None
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HIST 3204 - Special Topics in History
1 Course Unit(s)
The advanced study of an era, a problem, or a commanding figure not fully treated in other courses. Topics change from term to term and are announced in advance. (Students may petition the program to allow Special Topics courses to fulfill history major field distribution requirements.) May be repeated for credit. CR/NC grading when used as a travel course.
General Education Requirement(s): IV
Prerequisite(s): Established by the individual instructor each time the course is offered
Corequisite(s): None
Pre/Corequisite(s): None
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HIST 3224 - Diplomacy and War in Antiquity
1 Course Unit(s)
Aims to provide a richer understanding of how political differences were settled in antiquity, with a view to ascertaining which problems and solutions are relevant only to the context of their time and which might be instructive to us in the present. (Pre-Modern field).
General Education Requirement(s): IV
Prerequisite(s): HIST 1014 or permission of instructor
Corequisite(s): None
Pre/Corequisite(s): None
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HIST 3244 - Julius Caesar and the Fall of the Roman Republic
1 Course Unit(s)
Julius Caesar is a pivotal figure, particularly significant for Americans because he represents a realized alternative to a republican government, and a study of his rise to supreme authority is an object lesson in the destabilizing and perversion of a constitution. Even so, he was a truly dramatic figure, with his great virtue, his clemency, being his tragic flaw. This course will illuminate the context and method of Caesar’s rise to power. (Pre-Modern field).
General Education Requirement(s): IV
Prerequisite(s): HIST 1014 or permission of instructor
Corequisite(s): None
Pre/Corequisite(s): None
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HIST 3304 - Emergence of Modern America
1 Course Unit(s)
An examination of the major intellectual, cultural, political, social, and economic forces that shaped modern America. Set against the backdrop of industrialism, urbanization, and western settlement, the course will focus on such topics as large-scale immigration, reform efforts, the fight for women’s suffrage, the rise of professionalism, and the expanding role of the United States in foreign affairs. (U.S. field).
General Education Requirement(s): IV; V
Prerequisite(s): HIST 1164 or permission of instructor and FYS 1104
Corequisite(s): None
Pre/Corequisite(s): None
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HIST 3324 - Colonial America: 1565-1787
1 Course Unit(s)
An examination and critical evaluation of the cultural, social, political, and economic forces that shaped the area which became the United States. Particular attention will be given to the relationships between Europeans, Africans, and Native Americans; the role of the wilderness and frontier in American culture; and the colonists’ use of republican ideology. The course will also focus on a variety of historical interpretations/perspectives. (U.S. field).
General Education Requirement(s): IV; V
Prerequisite(s): HIST 1154 and FYS 1104
Corequisite(s): None
Pre/Corequisite(s): None
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HIST 3344 - The New Nation: 1787-1861
1 Course Unit(s)
A critical evaluation of the cultural, social, political, and economic forces that shaped the United States in its early years as a nation. Particular attention will be given to the development of a political party system, the rise of industrialism, the variety of settlement patterns by Americans, and the roles of race/class/gender relations in forming national identity. This course will also focus on diverse historical interpretations and perspectives. (U.S. field).
General Education Requirement(s): IV; V
Prerequisite(s): HIST 1154 and FYS 1104
Corequisite(s): None
Pre/Corequisite(s): None
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HIST 3404 - Europe, 1914-1945
1 Course Unit(s)
A study of Europe during and between the two world wars, focusing on political, social, military, and cultural issues. Special emphasis is placed on the concept of total war and its effect on political and social institutions. Other topics include the Russian Revolution, the rise of Fascism and Nazism, the crisis of democracy and the approach of World War II, and Europe’s relations with the non-European world. (Modern European field).
General Education Requirement(s): IV; V
Prerequisite(s): HIST 1024 and FYS 1104
Corequisite(s): None
Pre/Corequisite(s): None
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HIST 3414 - The Contemporary World, 1945 to the Present
1 Course Unit(s)
A study of the forces that have shaped the world since 1945, including the Cold War, decolonization and neo-colonialism, the rise of emerging nations in Africa, Asia, and the Middle East, the collapse of communism in Europe, and the growth of globalization. (Modern European field).
General Education Requirement(s): IV; V
Prerequisite(s): HIST 1024 and FYS 1104
Corequisite(s): None
Pre/Corequisite(s): None
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HIST 3424 - U.S.-Latin American Relations
1 Course Unit(s)
Examines the relations between the United States, Latin America, and the Caribbean and their development from the mid-nineteenth century to the present. This course concentrates on the experiences of some of the countries with the closest experience of American power, such as Haiti and Guatemala, but also takes into account the history of the entire region’s relationship with the U.S., including the importance of large-scale migration.
General Education Requirement(s): IV
Prerequisite(s): HIST 1164 , HIST 2404 , HIST 2414 , 3444, or 3454
Corequisite(s): None
Pre/Corequisite(s): None
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HIST 3464 - Modern German History
1 Course Unit(s)
A survey of German political and social history from 1848 to the present. Main topics include nationalism and the formation of the German state, German experiences in the two world wars and the efforts to build democracy in the context of military defeat, the rise of Nazism, and the dilemmas posed by re-unification at the end of the Cold War. (Modern European field).
General Education Requirement(s): IV; V
Prerequisite(s): HIST 1024 and FYS 1104
Corequisite(s): None
Pre/Corequisite(s): None
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HIST 3554 - History of Imperial Russia
1 Course Unit(s)
An examination of autocracy, bureaucracy, and serfdom in Imperial Russia. Focus is on the attempts to modernize the empire in the nineteenth century, the revolutionary movements from Decembrism to Leninism, the era of “Great Reforms,” and the critical role of the intelligentsia. Concludes with the revolution of 1905 and the events leading to 1917. (Modern European field).
General Education Requirement(s): IV; V
Prerequisite(s): HIST 1014 or HIST 1024 and FYS 1104
Corequisite(s): None
Pre/Corequisite(s): None
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HIST 3564 - History of the Soviet Union
1 Course Unit(s)
An examination of the February and Bolshevik revolutions, the rule of Lenin and Stalin, collectivization, the purges, the Nazi-Soviet pact, World War II, and de-Stalinization. (Modern European field).
General Education Requirement(s): IV; V
Prerequisite(s): HIST 1024 and FYS 1104
Corequisite(s): None
Pre/Corequisite(s): None
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HIST 3624 - Alexander the Great
1 Course Unit(s)
Although famous, Alexander of Macedon is ancelusive figure - in part because he assumed the personac of those he conquered, becoming pharaoh of Egypt and Shahan Shah of Persia. Alexander’s spectacular successes and failures, and their enduring consequences, are intriguing in themselves; they also offers the student of modern cultural and ethnic relations a rich basis for discussion of contemporary issues. (Pre-Modern field).
General Education Requirement(s): IV; V
Prerequisite(s): HIST 1014 and FYS 1104
Corequisite(s): None
Pre/Corequisite(s): None
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HIST 4194 - Historical Methodology
1 Course Unit(s)
A study of the basic methods and tools of historical research and the techniques of writing effective research papers. Discussion of current issues in the study of history.
General Education Requirement(s): IV
Prerequisite(s): HIST 2744 and three of the following: HIST 1014 , HIST 1024 , HIST 1154 , HIST 1164
Corequisite(s): None
Pre/Corequisite(s): None
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HIST 4204 - Internship in History
1 Course Unit(s)
A program offering supervised placement in organizations providing experience in use, dissemination, or administration of historical materials and information. The student chooses an appropriate organization in consultation with the internship supervisor. A total of 2 course units may be counted toward the major. CR/NC grading.
General Education Requirement(s):
Prerequisite(s): Junior or senior standing, history major, and permission of instructor
Corequisite(s): None
Pre/Corequisite(s): None
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